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2018 ; 9
(ä): 850
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Two New Lytic Bacteriophages of the Myoviridae Family Against
Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
#MMPMID29760690
Zhou W
; Feng Y
; Zong Z
Front Microbiol
2018[]; 9
(ä): 850
PMID29760690
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Two lytic bacteriophages, WCHABP1 and WCHABP12, were recovered from hospital
sewage and were able to infect 9 and 12 out of 18 carbapenem-resistant
Acinetobacter baumannii clinical strains, which belonged to different clones.
Electron microscopy scan showed that both bacteriophages had the similar
morphology as those of the Myoviridae family. Whole genomic sequencing revealed
45.4- or 45.8-kb genome with a 37.6% GC content for WCHABP1 and WCHABP12, both of
which showed significant DNA sequence similarity with bacteriophages of the
Ap22virus genus within the Myoviridae family. Taxonomic analysis was therefore
performed following the proposal approved by the International Committee on
Taxonomy of Viruses, which confirmed that WCHABP1 and WCHABP12 represented two
new species of the Ap22virus genus. No tRNAs but 88 and 89 open reading frames
(ORFs) were predicted for the two bacteriophages, among which 22 and 21 had known
function and encoded proteins for morphogenesis, packaging, lysis, and
nucleiotide metabolism. The C-terminal amino acids of the large unit of fiber
tail proteins varied between the bacteriophages, which may explain their
different host ranges. For most lytic bacteriophages, a set of holin and
endolysin are required for lysis. However, no known holin-encoding genes were
identified in WCHABP1 and WCHABP12, suggesting that they may use alternative,
yet-to-be-identified, novel holins for host cell membrane lysis. To test the
efficacy of the bacteriophages in protecting against A. baumannii infection, a
Galleria mellonella larva model was used. Only <20% G. mellonella larvae survived
at 96 h after being infected by carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii strains, from
which the two bacteriophages were recovered. With the administration of WCHABP1
and WCHABP12, the survival of larvae increased to 75%, while the treatment of
polymyxin B only slightly increased the survival rate to 25%. The isolation of
two new lytic bacteriophages in this study could expand our sight on
Acinetobacter bacteriophages and may offer new potential therapeutic alternatives
against A. baumannii.
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