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2018 ; 29
(10
): 1238-1257
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Control of insulin granule formation and function by the ABC transporters ABCG1
and ABCA1 and by oxysterol binding protein OSBP
#MMPMID29540530
Hussain SS
; Harris MT
; Kreutzberger AJB
; Inouye CM
; Doyle CA
; Castle AM
; Arvan P
; Castle JD
Mol Biol Cell
2018[May]; 29
(10
): 1238-1257
PMID29540530
show ga
In pancreatic ?-cells, insulin granule membranes are enriched in cholesterol and
are both recycled and newly generated. Cholesterol's role in supporting granule
membrane formation and function is poorly understood. ATP binding cassette
transporters ABCG1 and ABCA1 regulate intracellular cholesterol and are important
for insulin secretion. RNAi inter-ference-induced depletion in cultured
pancreatic ?-cells shows that ABCG1 is needed to stabilize newly made insulin
granules against lysosomal degradation; ABCA1 is also involved but to a lesser
extent. Both transporters are also required for optimum glucose-stimulated
insulin secretion, likely via complementary roles. Exogenous cholesterol addition
rescues knockdown-induced granule loss (ABCG1) and reduced secretion (both
transporters). Another cholesterol transport protein, oxysterol binding protein
(OSBP), appears to act proximally as a source of endogenous cholesterol for
granule formation. Its knockdown caused similar defective stability of young
granules and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, neither of which were rescued
with exogenous cholesterol. Dual knockdowns of OSBP and ABC transporters support
their serial function in supplying and concentrating cholesterol for granule
formation. OSBP knockdown also decreased proinsulin synthesis consistent with a
proximal endoplasmic reticulum defect. Thus, membrane cholesterol distribution
contributes to insulin homeostasis at production, packaging, and export levels
through the actions of OSBP and ABCs G1 and A1.