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2018 ; 8
(1
): 6960
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Glycine N-methyltransferase inhibits aristolochic acid nephropathy by increasing
CYP3A44 and decreasing NQO1 expression in female mouse hepatocytes
#MMPMID29725048
Chang MM
; Lin CN
; Fang CC
; Chen M
; Liang PI
; Li WM
; Yeh BW
; Cheng HC
; Huang BM
; Wu WJ
; Chen YA
Sci Rep
2018[May]; 8
(1
): 6960
PMID29725048
show ga
Plants containing aristolochic acids (AA) are nephrotoxins. Glycine
N-methyltransferase (GNMT) acts to bind environmental toxins such as
benzo(a)pyrene and aflatoxin B1, translocate into nucleus, and alter hepatic
metabolism. This study aims to determine the role of GNMT in AA-induced
nephropathy. We established an AA nephropathy mouse model and found that AA type
I (AAI)-induced nephropathy at a lower concentration in male than in female mice,
implying sex differences in AAI resistance. Microarray analysis and AAI-treated
mouse models showed that GNMT moderately reduced AAI-induced nephropathy by
lowering the upregulated level of NQO1 in male, but significantly improved the
nephropathy additionally by increasing Cyp3A44/3A41 in female. The protective
effects of GNMT were absent in female GNMT knockout mice, in which re-expression
of hepatic GNMT significantly decreased AAI-induced nephropathy. Mechanism-wise,
AAI enhanced GNMT nuclear translocation, resulting in GNMT interaction with the
promoter region of the genes encoding Nrf2 and CAR/PXR, the transcription factors
for NQO1 and CYP3A44/3A41, respectively. Unlike the preference for Nrf2/NQO1
transcriptions at lower levels of GNMT, overexpression of GNMT preferred
CAR/PXR/CYP3A44/3A41 transcriptions and alleviated kidney injury upon AAI
treatment. In summary, hepatic GNMT protected mice from AAI nephropathy by
enhancing CAR/PXR/CYP3A44/3A41 transcriptions and reducing Nrf2/NQO1
transcriptions.