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2018 ; 9
(ä): 875
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Deoxyribonucleic Acid Methylation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Implications
for Future Clinical Practice
#MMPMID29740453
Weeding E
; Sawalha AH
Front Immunol
2018[]; 9
(ä): 875
PMID29740453
show ga
Differential deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation has emerged as a critical
feature of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Genome-wide DNA methylation
studies have revealed methylation patterns characteristic of SLE-in particular,
robust hypomethylation of interferon-regulated genes is a prominent finding in
all cells of the immune system studied to date. These patterns reliably
distinguish individuals with SLE from healthy controls and from individuals with
other autoimmune diseases. For example, hypomethylation within IFI44L is both
highly sensitive and highly specific for SLE, superior to currently available
biomarkers. Furthermore, methylation status of other genetic loci has been
associated with clinically relevant features of SLE including disease severity
and organ-specific manifestations. Finally, DNA methylation studies have provided
important insights into the pathophysiology of SLE. Most recently, there is a
growing body of evidence that the transcription factor enhancer of zeste homolog
2 (EZH2) plays an important role in triggering SLE disease activity via
epigenetic mechanisms, and that EZH2 blockade may be a future treatment option in
SLE. In this short review, we discuss the DNA methylation patterns associated
with SLE, their relationship to clinically significant features of SLE, and their
implications in the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to
this complex disease.
|DNA Methylation/*immunology
[MESH]
|Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/immunology
[MESH]
|Epigenesis, Genetic/*immunology
[MESH]
|Gene Expression Regulation/immunology
[MESH]
|Genome-Wide Association Study
[MESH]
|Humans
[MESH]
|Immunosuppressive Agents/pharmacology/therapeutic use
[MESH]