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2018 ; 9
(ä): 833
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Activation of Invariant Natural Killer T Cells Redirects the Inflammatory
Response in Neonatal Sepsis
#MMPMID29720984
Bolognese AC
; Yang WL
; Hansen LW
; Sharma A
; Nicastro JM
; Coppa GF
; Wang P
Front Immunol
2018[]; 9
(ä): 833
PMID29720984
show ga
Sepsis is the third leading cause of death in the neonatal population, due to
susceptibility to infection conferred by immaturity of both the innate and
adaptive components of the immune system. Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells
are specialized adaptive immune cells that possess important innate-like
characteristics and have not yet been well-studied in septic neonates. We
hypothesized that iNKT cells would play an important role in mediating the
neonatal immune response to sepsis. To study this, we subjected 5- to 7-day-old
neonatal C57BL/6 mice to sepsis by intraperitoneal (i.p.) cecal slurry (CS)
injection. Thirty hours prior to or immediately following sepsis induction, pups
received i.p. injection of the iNKT stimulator KRN7000 (KRN, 0.2?µg/g) or
vehicle. Ten hours after CS injection, blood and tissues were collected for
various analyses. Thirty-hour pretreatment with KRN resulted in better outcomes
in inflammation, lung injury, and survival, while immediate treatment with KRN
resulted in worse outcomes compared to vehicle treatment. We further analyzed the
activation status of neonatal iNKT cells for 30?h after KRN administration, and
showed a peak in frequency of CD69 expression on iNKT cells and serum IFN-?
levels at 5 and 10?h, respectively. We then used CD1d knockout neonatal mice to
demonstrate that KRN acts through the major histocompatibility complex-like
molecule CD1d to improve outcomes in neonatal sepsis. Finally, we identified that
KRN pretreatment exerts its protective effect by increasing systemic levels of
TGF-?1. These findings support the importance of iNKT cells for prophylactic
immunomodulation in neonates susceptible to sepsis.