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2018 ; 19
(Suppl 5
): 118
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BCDForest: a boosting cascade deep forest model towards the classification of
cancer subtypes based on gene expression data
#MMPMID29671390
Guo Y
; Liu S
; Li Z
; Shang X
BMC Bioinformatics
2018[Apr]; 19
(Suppl 5
): 118
PMID29671390
show ga
BACKGROUND: The classification of cancer subtypes is of great importance to
cancer disease diagnosis and therapy. Many supervised learning approaches have
been applied to cancer subtype classification in the past few years, especially
of deep learning based approaches. Recently, the deep forest model has been
proposed as an alternative of deep neural networks to learn hyper-representations
by using cascade ensemble decision trees. It has been proved that the deep forest
model has competitive or even better performance than deep neural networks in
some extent. However, the standard deep forest model may face overfitting and
ensemble diversity challenges when dealing with small sample size and
high-dimensional biology data. RESULTS: In this paper, we propose a deep learning
model, so-called BCDForest, to address cancer subtype classification on
small-scale biology datasets, which can be viewed as a modification of the
standard deep forest model. The BCDForest distinguishes from the standard deep
forest model with the following two main contributions: First, a named
multi-class-grained scanning method is proposed to train multiple binary
classifiers to encourage diversity of ensemble. Meanwhile, the fitting quality of
each classifier is considered in representation learning. Second, we propose a
boosting strategy to emphasize more important features in cascade forests, thus
to propagate the benefits of discriminative features among cascade layers to
improve the classification performance. Systematic comparison experiments on both
microarray and RNA-Seq gene expression datasets demonstrate that our method
consistently outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in application of cancer
subtype classification. CONCLUSIONS: The multi-class-grained scanning and
boosting strategy in our model provide an effective solution to ease the
overfitting challenge and improve the robustness of deep forest model working on
small-scale data. Our model provides a useful approach to the classification of
cancer subtypes by using deep learning on high-dimensional and small-scale
biology data.