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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 Crit+Ultrasound+J
2018 ; 10
(1
): 8
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Point-of-care lung ultrasound for diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia:
notes from the field
#MMPMID29666966
Giordani MT
; Tamarozzi F
; Kaminstein D
; Brunetti E
; Heller T
Crit Ultrasound J
2018[Apr]; 10
(1
): 8
PMID29666966
show ga
BACKGROUND: Thoracic ultrasound is helpful to evaluate lung pathology in patients
with acute dyspnea. Several studies have demonstrated the efficacy of
point-of-care ultrasound in patients with extrapulmonary TB and HIV co-infection.
This retrospective, open-label case-control study explores the role of lung
ultrasound in the diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) in
HIV-positive patients. In particular, it highlights the potential role of
specific sonographic features that may be unique to this population. METHODS: The
record of all HIV-positive patients admitted from 1.1.2013 to 31.6.2017 to the
Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine of san Bortolo Hospital,
Vicenza, Italy, with a discharge diagnosis of acute lung injury (ALI) and who
received point-of-care ultrasound of the chest for clinical purposes was included
in the analysis. The patients were scanned according with the evidence-based
recommendation. RESULTS: Of 273 HIV-positive patients whose records were
reviewed, 81 (29.6%) were diagnosed with ALI. Complete documentation was
available for 24 patients, of which 14 (58.3%) had microbiologically confirmed
PJP (PJP+) and 10 (41.7%) had other conditions (PJP-). B-lines, subpleural
consolidations, and cystic changes were significantly more frequent in patients
with PJP (14/14 vs. 6/10, p?=?0.0198; 14/14 vs. 4/10, p?=?0.0016; 8/14 vs. 0/10,
p?=?0.0019, respectively). In particular, B-lines and subpleural consolidations
were present in all PJP+?patients in our cohort giving a sensitivity of 100%, but
their specificity was low (45 and 60%, respectively). On the contrary, the
presence of consolidations with cystic changes had a very high specificity for
PJP (100%), but low sensitivity (57%). Pleural effusions and consolidations with
linear air bronchograms were not observed in PJP+?patients. CONCLUSIONS: B-lines,
subpleural consolidations, and cystic changes are suggestive of PJP. Lung
consolidation with air bronchograms and pleural effusion should prompt suspicion
of other etiologies. These findings have the potential to be useful in the daily
management of HIV-positive patients in resource-limited settings where other
diagnostic tools are rarely available.