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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 J+Plant+Res
2017 ; 130
(3
): 501-514
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Importance of the green color, absorption gradient, and spectral absorption of
chloroplasts for the radiative energy balance of leaves
#MMPMID28293810
Kume A
J Plant Res
2017[May]; 130
(3
): 501-514
PMID28293810
show ga
Terrestrial green plants absorb photosynthetically active radiation (PAR;
400-700 nm) but do not absorb photons evenly across the PAR waveband. The
spectral absorbance of photosystems and chloroplasts is lowest for green light,
which occurs within the highest irradiance waveband of direct solar radiation. We
demonstrate a close relationship between this phenomenon and the safe and
efficient utilization of direct solar radiation in simple biophysiological
models. The effects of spectral absorptance on the photon and irradiance
absorption processes are evaluated using the spectra of direct and diffuse solar
radiation. The radiation absorption of a leaf arises as a consequence of the
absorption of chloroplasts. The photon absorption of chloroplasts is strongly
dependent on the distribution of pigment concentrations and their absorbance
spectra. While chloroplast movements in response to light are important
mechanisms controlling PAR absorption, they are not effective for green light
because chloroplasts have the lowest spectral absorptance in the waveband. With
the development of palisade tissue, the incident photons per total palisade cell
surface area and the absorbed photons per chloroplast decrease. The spectral
absorbance of carotenoids is effective in eliminating shortwave PAR (<520 nm),
which contains much of the surplus energy that is not used for photosynthesis and
is dissipated as heat. The PAR absorptance of a whole leaf shows no substantial
difference based on the spectra of direct or diffuse solar radiation. However,
most of the near infrared radiation is unabsorbed and heat stress is greatly
reduced. The incident solar radiation is too strong to be utilized for
photosynthesis under the current CO(2) concentration in the terrestrial
environment. Therefore, the photon absorption of a whole leaf is efficiently
regulated by photosynthetic pigments with low spectral absorptance in the highest
irradiance waveband and through a combination of pigment density distribution and
leaf anatomical structures.