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2018 ; 83
(1-2
): 308-317
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Mesenchymal stem cells in the pathogenesis and treatment of bronchopulmonary
dysplasia: a clinical review
#MMPMID28945702
Simones AA
; Beisang DJ
; Panoskaltsis-Mortari A
; Roberts KD
Pediatr Res
2018[Jan]; 83
(1-2
): 308-317
PMID28945702
show ga
Advances in neonatal medicine have led to increased survival of infants born at
the limits of viability, resulting in an increased incidence of bronchopulmonary
dysplasia (BPD). BPD is a chronic lung disease of premature infants characterized
by the arrest of alveolarization, fibroblast activation, and inflammation. BPD
leads to significant morbidity and mortality in the neonatal period and is one of
the leading causes of chronic lung disease in children. The past decade has
brought a surge of trials investigating cellular therapies for the treatment of
pulmonary diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are of particular interest
because of their ease of isolation, low immunogenicity, and anti-inflammatory and
reparative properties. Clinical trials of MSCs have demonstrated short-term
safety and tolerability; however, studies have also shown populations of MSCs
with adverse pro-inflammatory and myofibroblastic characteristics. Cell-based
therapies may represent the next breakthrough therapy for the treatment of BPD,
however, there remain barriers to implementation as well as gaps in knowledge of
the role of endogenous MSCs in the pathogenesis of BPD. Concurrent high-quality
basic science, translational, and clinical studies investigating the fundamental
pathophysiology underlying BPD, therapeutic mechanisms of exogenous MSCs, and
logistics of translating cellular therapies will be important areas of future
research.