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suck abstract from ncbi


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pmid28541550
      Int+Immunol 2017 ; 29 (5 ): 211-220
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  • Integrity of immunoglobulin variable regions is supported by GANP during AID-induced somatic hypermutation in germinal center B cells #MMPMID28541550
  • Eid MMA ; Shimoda M ; Singh SK ; Almofty SA ; Pham P ; Goodman MF ; Maeda K ; Sakaguchi N
  • Int Immunol 2017[May]; 29 (5 ): 211-220 PMID28541550 show ga
  • Immunoglobulin affinity maturation depends on somatic hypermutation (SHM) in immunoglobulin variable (IgV) regions initiated by activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID). AID induces transition mutations by C?U deamination on both strands, causing C:G?T:A. Error-prone repairs of U by base excision and mismatch repairs (MMRs) create transversion mutations at C/G and mutations at A/T sites. In Neuberger's model, it remained to be clarified how transition/transversion repair is regulated. We investigate the role of AID-interacting GANP (germinal center-associated nuclear protein) in the IgV SHM profile. GANP enhances transition mutation of the non-transcribed strand G and reduces mutation at A, restricted to GYW of the AID hotspot motif. It reduces DNA polymerase ? hotspot mutations associated with MMRs followed by uracil-DNA glycosylase. Mutation comparison between IgV complementary and framework regions (FWRs) by Bayesian statistical estimation demonstrates that GANP supports the preservation of IgV FWR genomic sequences. GANP works to maintain antibody structure by reducing drastic changes in the IgV FWR in affinity maturation.
  • |AICDA (Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase) [MESH]
  • |Animals [MESH]
  • |Antibody Affinity [MESH]
  • |B-Lymphocytes/*immunology [MESH]
  • |Bayes Theorem [MESH]
  • |Cells, Cultured [MESH]
  • |Cytidine Deaminase/metabolism [MESH]
  • |DNA Repair [MESH]
  • |Germinal Center/*immunology [MESH]
  • |Immunoglobulin Variable Region/*genetics/metabolism [MESH]
  • |Mice [MESH]
  • |Mice, Knockout [MESH]
  • |Mutation/*genetics [MESH]
  • |Nuclear Proteins/*genetics/metabolism [MESH]
  • |Phosphoproteins/*genetics/metabolism [MESH]
  • |Protein Conformation [MESH]


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