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2018 ; 5
(1
): e000261
Nephropedia Template TP
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English Wikipedia
Characterisation of anifrolumab, a fully human anti-interferon receptor
antagonist antibody for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus
#MMPMID29644082
Riggs JM
; Hanna RN
; Rajan B
; Zerrouki K
; Karnell JL
; Sagar D
; Vainshtein I
; Farmer E
; Rosenthal K
; Morehouse C
; de Los Reyes M
; Schifferli K
; Liang M
; Sanjuan MA
; Sims GP
; Kolbeck R
Lupus Sci Med
2018[]; 5
(1
): e000261
PMID29644082
show ga
OBJECTIVE: We investigated the mechanistic and pharmacological properties of
anifrolumab, a fully human, effector-null, anti-type I interferon (IFN) alpha
receptor 1 (IFNAR1) monoclonal antibody in development for SLE. METHODS: IFNAR1
surface expression and internalisation on human monocytes before and after
exposure to anifrolumab were assessed using confocal microscopy and flow
cytometry. The effects of anifrolumab on type I IFN pathway activation were
assessed using signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1)
phosphorylation, IFN-stimulated response element-luciferase reporter cell assays
and type I IFN gene signature induction. The ability of anifrolumab to inhibit
plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) function and plasma cell differentiation was
assessed by flow cytometry and ELISA. Effector-null properties of anifrolumab
were assessed in antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and
complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) assays with B cells. RESULTS: Anifrolumab
reduced cell surface IFNAR1 by eliciting IFNAR1 internalisation. Anifrolumab
blocked type I IFN-dependent STAT1 phosphorylation and IFN-dependent signalling
induced by recombinant and pDC-derived type I IFNs and serum of patients with
SLE. Anifrolumab suppressed type I IFN production by blocking the type I IFN
autoamplification loop and inhibited proinflammatory cytokine induction and the
upregulation of costimulatory molecules on stimulated pDCs. Blockade of IFNAR1
suppressed plasma cell differentiation in pDC/B cell co-cultures. Anifrolumab did
not exhibit CDC or ADCC activity. CONCLUSIONS: Anifrolumab potently inhibits type
I IFN-dependent signalling, including the type I IFN autoamplification loop, and
is a promising therapeutic for patients with SLE and other diseases that exhibit
chronic dysfunctional type I IFN signalling.