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2018 ; 55
(5
): 4388-4402
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Therapeutic Strategies for Leukodystrophic Disorders Resulting from Perinatal
Asphyxia: Focus on Myelinating Oligodendrocytes
#MMPMID28660484
Janowska J
; Sypecka J
Mol Neurobiol
2018[May]; 55
(5
): 4388-4402
PMID28660484
show ga
Perinatal asphyxia results from the action of different risk factors like
complications during pregnancy, preterm delivery, or long and difficult labor.
Nowadays, it is still the leading cause of neonatal brain injury known as
hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and resulting neurological disorders. A
temporal limitation of oxygen, glucose, and trophic factors supply results in
alteration of neural cell differentiation and functioning and/or leads to their
death. Among the affected cells are oligodendrocytes, responsible for myelinating
the central nervous system (CNS) and formation of white matter. Therefore, one of
the major consequences of the experienced HIE is leukodystrophic diseases
resulting from oligodendrocyte deficiency or malfunctioning. The therapeutic
strategies applied after perinatal asphyxia are aimed at reducing brain damage
and promoting the endogenous neuroreparative mechanisms. In this review, we focus
on the biology of oligodendrocytes and discuss present clinical treatments in the
context of their efficiency in preserving white matter structure and preventing
cognitive and behavioral deficits after perinatal asphyxia.