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2018 ; 19
(1
): 79
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gab.com Text
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A novel citrate-based protocol versus heparin anticoagulation for sustained
low-efficiency dialysis in the ICU: safety, efficacy, and cost
#MMPMID29614970
Wen M
; Küchle C
; Steubl D
; Satanovskji R
; Heemann U
; Suttmann Y
; Angermann S
; Kemmner S
; Rehbehn L
; Huber M
; Hauser C
; Schmaderer C
; Reichelt AL
; Haller B
; Renders L
BMC Nephrol
2018[Apr]; 19
(1
): 79
PMID29614970
show ga
BACKGROUND: The high cost, complexity of the available protocols, and metabolic
complications are the major barriers that impede the clinical utilization of
regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) for sustained low efficiency dialysis
(SLED) in critically ill patients. By comparing a novel protocol for SLED using
30% citrate solution with common protocol using unfractionated heparin, this
study aimed to provide new insights for clinical applications of RCA. METHODS: In
this retrospective study, a total of 282 critically ill patients who underwent
SLED with citrate and/or heparin anticoagulation in six adult ICUs were enrolled.
These patients were divided into three groups based on the anticoagulation
regimens they had received during the treatment in ICU: Group 1 (Citrate) had
only received treatment with citrate anticoagulation (n=75); Group 2 (Heparin)
only with heparin anticoagulation (n=79); and Group 3 (Both) with both citrate
and heparin anticoagulation (n=128). We compared the mortality, metabolic
complications as well as cost among these groups using different anticoagulation
regimens. RESULTS: The in-hospital mortality did not significantly differ among
groups (p> 0.1). However, three patients in heparin group suffered from severe
bleeding which led to death, while none in citrate group. Overall, 976 SLED
sessions with heparin anticoagulation and 808 with citrate were analyzed. The
incidence of extracorporeal circuit clotting was significantly less in citrate
(5%), as compared to that in heparin (10%) (p< 0.001). Metabolic complications
and hypotension which led to interruption of SLED occurred more frequently,
though not significantly, in citrate (p= 0.06, p= 0.23). Furthermore, with 30%
citrate solution, the cost of anticoagulant was reduced by 70% in comparison to
previously reported protocol using Acid Citrate Dextrose solution A (ACD-A).
CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicated that anticoagulation regimens for SLED did not
significantly affect the mortality of patients. Citrate anticoagulation was
superior to heparin in preventing severe bleeding and circuit clotting. The
protocol adopted in this study using 30% citrate solution was safe as well as
efficacious. In the meantime, it was much more cost-efficient than other
citrate-based protocol.