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2018 ; 364
(2
): 234-242
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Networks that link cytoskeletal regulators and diaphragm proteins underpin
filtration function in Drosophila nephrocytes
#MMPMID29458174
Muraleedharan S
; Sam A
; Skaer H
; Inamdar MS
Exp Cell Res
2018[Mar]; 364
(2
): 234-242
PMID29458174
show ga
Insect nephrocytes provide a valuable model for kidney disease, as they are
structurally and functionally homologous to mammalian kidney podocytes. They
possess an exceptional macromolecular assembly, the nephrocyte diaphragm (ND),
which serves as a filtration barrier and helps maintain tissue homeostasis by
filtering out wastes and toxic products. However, the elements that maintain
nephrocyte architecture and the ND are not understood. We show that Drosophila
nephrocytes have a unique cytoplasmic cluster of F-actin, which is maintained by
the microtubule cytoskeleton and Rho-GTPases. A balance of Rac1 and Cdc42
activity as well as proper microtubule organization and endoplasmic reticulum
structure, are required to position the actin cluster. Further, ND proteins Sns
and Duf also localize to this cluster and regulate organization of the actin and
microtubule cytoskeleton. Perturbation of any of these inter-dependent components
impairs nephrocyte ultrafiltration. Thus cytoskeletal components, Rho-GTPases and
ND proteins work in concert to maintain the specialized nephrocyte architecture
and function.