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2018 ; 115
(13
): 3249-3254
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gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
Immune-modulating enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase is effectively inhibited by
targeting its apo-form
#MMPMID29531094
Nelp MT
; Kates PA
; Hunt JT
; Newitt JA
; Balog A
; Maley D
; Zhu X
; Abell L
; Allentoff A
; Borzilleri R
; Lewis HA
; Lin Z
; Seitz SP
; Yan C
; Groves JT
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
2018[Mar]; 115
(13
): 3249-3254
PMID29531094
show ga
For cancer cells to survive and proliferate, they must escape normal immune
destruction. One mechanism by which this is accomplished is through immune
suppression effected by up-regulation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1), a
heme enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of tryptophan to N-formylkynurenine. On
deformylation, kynurenine and downstream metabolites suppress T cell function.
The importance of this immunosuppressive mechanism has spurred intense interest
in the development of clinical IDO1 inhibitors. Herein, we describe the mechanism
by which a class of compounds effectively and specifically inhibits IDO1 by
targeting its apo-form. We show that the in vitro kinetics of inhibition coincide
with an unusually high rate of intrinsic enzyme-heme dissociation, especially in
the ferric form. X-ray crystal structures of the inhibitor-enzyme complexes show
that heme is displaced from the enzyme and blocked from rebinding by these
compounds. The results reveal that apo-IDO1 serves as a unique target for
inhibition and that heme lability plays an important role in posttranslational
regulation.