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Recent Findings on the Genetics of Disorders of Sex Development #MMPMID27798415
Kremen J; Chan YM; Swartz JM
Curr Opin Urol 2017[Jan]; 27 (1): 1-6 PMID27798415show ga
Purpose of review: Disorders of sex development (DSD) are a diverse group of conditions affecting gonadal development, sexual differentiation or chromosomal sex. In this review, we will discuss recent literature on the genetic causes of DSD, with a focus on novel genetic sequencing technologies, new phenotypes associated with known DSD genes, and increasing recognition of the role of genetic regulatory elements in DSD. Methods: We performed a comprehensive search of PubMed through August 2016 to identify important peer-reviewed publications from 2015?2016 on the topic of DSD genetics. Summary of Recent Findings: Whole-exome sequencing was used to successfully identify genetic causes of DSD in 35% of a cohort of 46,XY subjects who had not previously received a genetic diagnosis.A novel mutation in NR5A1 has been identified as a cause of 46,XX testicular and ovotesticular DSD, demonstrating a previously unappreciated role of NR5A1 in preventing testicular differentiation in 46,XX individuals.Genetic regulatory elements of SOX9 have been identified as causes of 46,XX and 46,XY DSD.