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2018 ; 19
(3
): ä Nephropedia Template TP
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English Wikipedia
Dietary Plants for the Prevention and Management of Kidney Stones: Preclinical
and Clinical Evidence and Molecular Mechanisms
#MMPMID29518971
Nirumand MC
; Hajialyani M
; Rahimi R
; Farzaei MH
; Zingue S
; Nabavi SM
; Bishayee A
Int J Mol Sci
2018[Mar]; 19
(3
): ä PMID29518971
show ga
Kidney stones are one of the oldest known and common diseases in the urinary
tract system. Various human studies have suggested that diets with a higher
intake of vegetables and fruits play a role in the prevention of kidney stones.
In this review, we have provided an overview of these dietary plants, their main
chemical constituents, and their possible mechanisms of action. Camellia sinensis
(green tea), Rubus idaeus (raspberry), Rubia cordifolia (common madder),
Petroselinum crispum (parsley), Punica granatum (pomegranate), Pistacia lentiscus
(mastic), Solanum xanthocarpum (yellow-fruit nightshade), Urtica dioica (stinging
nettle), Dolichos biflorus (horse gram), Ammi visnaga (khella), Nigella sativa
(black-cumin), Hibiscus sabdariffa (roselle), and Origanum vulgare (oregano) have
received considerable interest based on scientific evidence. Beside these dietary
plants, phytochemicals-such as catechin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate,
diosmin, rutin, quercetin, hyperoside, and curcumin-as antioxidant dietary
phyto-phenols were found to be effective for the prevention of urolithiasis (the
process of stone formation in the urinary tract). The main underlying mechanisms
of these dietary plants and their isolated phytonutrients in the management of
urolithiasis include diuretic, antispasmodic, and antioxidant activity, as well
as an inhibitory effect on crystallization, nucleation, and aggregation of
crystals. The results as presented in this review demonstrate the promising role
of dietary plants and phytophenols in the prevention and management of kidney
stones. Further investigations are required to confirm the safety and efficacy of
these compounds.