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2018 ; 10
(3
): ä Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
New Insights into Protein Kinase B/Akt Signaling: Role of Localized Akt
Activation and Compartment-Specific Target Proteins for the Cellular Radiation
Response
#MMPMID29562639
Szymonowicz K
; Oeck S
; Malewicz NM
; Jendrossek V
Cancers (Basel)
2018[Mar]; 10
(3
): ä PMID29562639
show ga
Genetic alterations driving aberrant activation of the survival kinase Protein
Kinase B (Akt) are observed with high frequency during malignant transformation
and cancer progression. Oncogenic gene mutations coding for the upstream
regulators or Akt, e.g., growth factor receptors, RAS and
phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), or for one of the three Akt isoforms as
well as loss of the tumor suppressor Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog on Chromosome
Ten (PTEN) lead to constitutive activation of Akt. By activating Akt, these
genetic alterations not only promote growth, proliferation and malignant behavior
of cancer cells by phosphorylation of various downstream signaling molecules and
signaling nodes but can also contribute to chemo- and radioresistance in many
types of tumors. Here we review current knowledge on the mechanisms dictating
Akt's activation and target selection including the involvement of miRNAs and
with focus on compartmentalization of the signaling network. Moreover, we discuss
recent advances in the cross-talk with DNA damage response highlighting nuclear
Akt target proteins with potential involvement in the regulation of DNA double
strand break repair.