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2018 ; 2018
(ä): 2492063
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Epigenetic versus Genetic Deregulation of the KEAP1/NRF2 Axis in Solid Tumors:
Focus on Methylation and Noncoding RNAs
#MMPMID29643973
Fabrizio FP
; Sparaneo A
; Trombetta D
; Muscarella LA
Oxid Med Cell Longev
2018[]; 2018
(ä): 2492063
PMID29643973
show ga
Oxidative and electrophilic changes in cells are mainly coordinated by the
KEAP1/NRF2 (Kelch-like erythroid-derived cap-n-collar homology- (ECH-) associated
protein-1/nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) axis. The physical
interaction between these two proteins promotes the expression of several
antioxidant defense genes in response to exogenous and endogenous insults. Recent
studies demonstrated that KEAP1/NRF2 axis dysfunction is also strongly related to
tumor progression and chemo- and radiotherapy resistance of cancer cells. In
solid tumors, the KEAP1/NRF2 system is constitutively activated by the loss of
KEAP1 or gain of NFE2L2 functions that leads to its nuclear accumulation and
enhances the transcription of many cytoprotective genes. In addition to point
mutations, epigenetic abnormalities, as aberrant promoter methylation, and
microRNA (miRNA) and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) deregulation were reported as
emerging mechanisms of KEAP1/NRF2 axis modulation. This review will summarize the
current knowledge about the epigenetic mechanisms that deregulate the KEAP1/NRF2
cascade in solid tumors and their potential usefulness as prognostic and
predictive molecular markers.
|*DNA Methylation
[MESH]
|Animals
[MESH]
|Epigenesis, Genetic
[MESH]
|Humans
[MESH]
|Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1/genetics/*metabolism
[MESH]