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2018 ; 115
(12
): 2946-2951
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Citywide cluster randomized trial to restore blighted vacant land and its effects
on violence, crime, and fear
#MMPMID29483246
Branas CC
; South E
; Kondo MC
; Hohl BC
; Bourgois P
; Wiebe DJ
; MacDonald JM
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
2018[Mar]; 115
(12
): 2946-2951
PMID29483246
show ga
Vacant and blighted urban land is a widespread and potentially risky
environmental condition encountered by millions of people on a daily basis. About
15% of the land in US cities is deemed vacant or abandoned, an area roughly the
size of Switzerland. In a citywide cluster randomized controlled trial, we
investigated the effects of standardized, reproducible interventions that restore
vacant land on the commission of violence, crime, and the perceptions of fear and
safety. Quantitative and ethnographic analyses were included in a mixed-methods
approach to more fully test and explicate our findings. A total of 541 randomly
sampled vacant lots were randomly assigned into treatment and control study arms;
outcomes from police and 445 randomly sampled participants were analyzed over a
38-month study period. Participants living near treated vacant lots reported
significantly reduced perceptions of crime (-36.8%, P < 0.05), vandalism (-39.3%,
P < 0.05), and safety concerns when going outside their homes (-57.8%, P < 0.05),
as well as significantly increased use of outside spaces for relaxing and
socializing (75.7%, P < 0.01). Significant reductions in crime overall (-13.3%, P
< 0.01), gun violence (-29.1%, P < 0.001), burglary (-21.9%, P < 0.001), and
nuisances (-30.3%, P < 0.05) were also found after the treatment of vacant lots
in neighborhoods below the poverty line. Blighted and vacant urban land affects
people's perceptions of safety, and their actual, physical safety. Restoration of
this land can be an effective and scalable infrastructure intervention for gun
violence, crime, and fear in urban neighborhoods.
|*Cities
[MESH]
|*Fear
[MESH]
|*Urban Renewal
[MESH]
|Cluster Analysis
[MESH]
|Crime/*prevention & control/statistics & numerical data
[MESH]
free
free
free
