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A Brief Overview of Nitric Oxide and Reactive Oxygen Species Signaling in
Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension
#MMPMID29047082
Jaitovich A
; Jourd'heuil D
Adv Exp Med Biol
2017[]; 967
(?): 71-81
PMID29047082
show ga
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by increased vasoconstriction and
smooth muscle cell hyperplasia driving pathological vascular remodeling of
arterial vessels. In this short review, we discuss the primary source of reactive
oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) relevant to PH and the mechanism by
which dysregulation of their production contributes to PH. Specifically,
hypoxia-induced PH is associated with diminished endothelial nitric oxide
synthase (eNOS)-derived NO production and increased production of superoxide
(O(2)(?-)) through eNOS uncoupling and defective mitochondrial respiration. This
drives the inhibition of the NO/soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) pathway and
activation of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1? (HIF-1?) with
consequential dysregulation of the pulmonary vasculature. Therapeutics aimed at
increasing NO or cGMP bioavailabilities are amenable to hypoxia disease-induced
PH. Similarly, strategies targeting HIF-1? are now considered. Overall, pulmonary
hypertension including hypoxia-induced PH offers unique opportunities for the
rational development of therapeutics centered on modulating redox signaling.