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Systemic administration of a TLR7 agonist attenuates regulatory T cells by
dendritic cell modification and overcomes resistance to PD-L1 blockade therapy
#MMPMID29568358
Nishii N
; Tachinami H
; Kondo Y
; Xia Y
; Kashima Y
; Ohno T
; Nagai S
; Li L
; Lau W
; Harada H
; Azuma M
Oncotarget
2018[Mar]; 9
(17
): 13301-13312
PMID29568358
show ga
Research on immune checkpoint blockade therapy has made great progress in cancer
immunotherapy, but the number of patients who benefit from this therapy remains
limited. In this study, we examined the effects of monotherapy with systemic
low-dose resiquimod, a synthesized TLR7 agonist, and examined its combined
effects with PD-L1 blockade in two PD-L1 blockade-resistant tumor models (SCCVII
and Colon 26). Resiquimod monotherapy in SCCVII tumors, representing impaired
CD8(+) T cell function and accelerated regulatory T cells (Tregs) within the
tumors, efficiently reduced tumor growth with more recruitment of CD8(+) T cells
and a reduction of Treg. The results of resiquimod monotherapy in Colon 26,
representing impaired Treg recruitment, were inferior to that in SCCVII. Combined
resiquimod treatment with PD-L1 blockade exerted clear additional effects, as it
was associated with reduced tumor size, attenuation of Tregs, and an increased
ratio of CD8(+) T cells/Tregs in both tumors. Systemic administration of low-dose
resiquimod induced a transient and rapid activation of plasmacytoid and
conventional dendritic cells, resulting in enhanced priming of T cells in
regional lymph nodes. Experiments with more limited doses of resiquimod that did
not yield beneficial effects after single treatment, showed additional effects to
PD-L1 blockade and comparable antitumor effects when the frequency of anti-PD-L1
therapy was decreased. Our results suggest that systemic administration of
low-dose resiquimod is useful as a companion drug to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy.