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2018 ; 37
(12
): 1637-1653
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Metabolic reprogramming by PCK1 promotes TCA cataplerosis, oxidative stress and
apoptosis in liver cancer cells and suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma
#MMPMID29335519
Liu MX
; Jin L
; Sun SJ
; Liu P
; Feng X
; Cheng ZL
; Liu WR
; Guan KL
; Shi YH
; Yuan HX
; Xiong Y
Oncogene
2018[Mar]; 37
(12
): 1637-1653
PMID29335519
show ga
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK or PCK) catalyzes the first
rate-limiting step in hepatic gluconeogenesis pathway to maintain blood glucose
levels. Mammalian cells express two PCK genes, encoding for a cytoplasmic
(PCPEK-C or PCK1) and a mitochondrial (PEPCK-M or PCK2) isoforms, respectively.
Increased expressions of both PCK genes are found in cancer of several organs,
including colon, lung, and skin, and linked to increased anabolic metabolism and
cell proliferation. Here, we report that the expressions of both PCK1 and PCK2
genes are downregulated in primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and low PCK
expression was associated with poor prognosis in patients with HCC. Forced
expression of either PCK1 or PCK2 in liver cancer cell lines results in severe
apoptosis under the condition of glucose deprivation and suppressed liver
tumorigenesis in mice. Mechanistically, we show that the pro-apoptotic effect of
PCK1 requires its catalytic activity. We demonstrate that forced PCK1 expression
in glucose-starved liver cancer cells induced TCA cataplerosis, leading to energy
crisis and oxidative stress. Replenishing TCA intermediate ?-ketoglutarate or
inhibition of reactive oxygen species production blocked the cell death caused by
PCK expression. Taken together, our data reveal that PCK1 is detrimental to
malignant hepatocytes and suggest activating PCK1 expression as a potential
treatment strategy for patients with HCC.