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2018 ; 9
(ä): 497
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Overall Downregulation of mRNAs and Enrichment of H3K4me3 Change Near Genome-Wide
Association Study Signals in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Cell-Specific Effects
#MMPMID29593737
Zhang Z
; Shi L
; Song L
; Maurer K
; Petri MA
; Sullivan KE
Front Immunol
2018[]; 9
(ä): 497
PMID29593737
show ga
This study was designed to define gene expression and H3K4me3 histone
modifications in T cells, B cells, and monocytes in systemic lupus erythematosus
(SLE). Array studies of total peripheral blood mononuclear cells have
demonstrated gene expression signatures related to neutrophils, interferon, and
other inflammatory pathways. It is not clear how consistent these effects are
across different cell types. In this study, RNA-seq and chromatin
immunoprecipitation-seq were utilized to identify gene expression patterns and
H3K4me3 histone modifications related to promoter activation in SLE. Across the
three cell types, there was 55% concordance for gene expression changes related
to SLE. Key conserved pathways were ribosome biogenesis among upregulated genes
and heat shock response among downregulated genes. ETS family transcription
factors (TFs) and STAT1 were revealed as common regulators by position weight
matrices. When epigenetic changes were leveraged with gene expression, the
pivotal TFs ATF3 and FOS were defined with ATF3 also cross-referencing with gene
expression-identified TFs. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) single nucleotide
polymorphisms associated with SLE were cross-referenced with both mRNA and
H3K4me3 changes in SLE. Baseline mRNA expression and H3K4me3 peak height was
higher at sites that cross-referenced with GWAS signals, however, all three cell
types exhibited an overall decrease in expression of GWAS-associated RNAs
differentially expressed in SLE. H3K4me3 changes in SLE were also enriched in
GWAS-associated sites. In summary, the SLE disease process is associated with
both shared and cell-specific changes in gene expression and epigenetics.
Surprisingly, GWAS-associated RNAs were overall markedly decreased across all
three cell types. TF analysis identified ATF3, FOS, STAT1, and ETS family members
as critical, all pathways with a recognized relationship to the SLE disease
process. GWAS signals clearly mark both cell-type specific changes in SLE as well
as concordant changes across all three cell types. Interpretation of single
nucleotide polymorphism effects in SLE will require tissue-specific mechanistic
studies and therapeutics will require mechanistic studies in multiple cell types.