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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 BMJ+Paediatr+Open
2018 ; 2
(1
): e000180
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Who perpetrates violence against children? A systematic analysis of age-specific
and sex-specific data
#MMPMID29637183
Devries K
; Knight L
; Petzold M
; Merrill KG
; Maxwell L
; Williams A
; Cappa C
; Chan KL
; Garcia-Moreno C
; Hollis N
; Kress H
; Peterman A
; Walsh SD
; Kishor S
; Guedes A
; Bott S
; Butron Riveros BC
; Watts C
; Abrahams N
BMJ Paediatr Open
2018[]; 2
(1
): e000180
PMID29637183
show ga
OBJECTIVE: The epidemiology of violence against children is likely to differ
substantially by sex and age of the victim and the perpetrator. Thus far,
investment in effective prevention strategies has been hindered by lack of
clarity in the burden of childhood violence across these dimensions. We produced
the first age-specific and sex-specific prevalence estimates by perpetrator type
for physical, sexual and emotional violence against children globally. DESIGN: We
used random effects meta-regression to estimate prevalence. Estimates were
adjusted for relevant quality covariates, variation in definitions of violence
and weighted by region-specific, age-specific and sex-specific population data to
ensure estimates reflect country population structures. DATA SOURCES: Secondary
data from 600 population or school-based representative datasets and 43
publications obtained via systematic literature review, representing 13?830
estimates from 171 countries. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES:
Estimates for recent violence against children aged 0-19 were included. RESULTS:
The most common perpetrators of physical and emotional violence for both boys and
girls across a range of ages are household members, with prevalence often
surpassing 50%, followed by student peers. Children reported experiencing more
emotional than physical violence from both household members and students. The
most common perpetrators of sexual violence against girls aged 15-19 years are
intimate partners; however, few data on other perpetrators of sexual violence
against children are systematically collected internationally. Few age-specific
and sex-specific data are available on violence perpetration by schoolteachers;
however, existing data indicate high prevalence of physical violence from
teachers towards students. Data from other authority figures, strangers, siblings
and other adults are limited, as are data on neglect of children. CONCLUSIONS:
Without further investment in data generation on violence exposure from multiple
perpetrators for boys and girls of all ages, progress towards Sustainable
Development Goals 4, 5 and 16 may be slow. Despite data gaps, evidence shows
violence from household members, peers in school and for girls, from intimate
partners, should be prioritised for prevention. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER:
PROSPERO 2015: CRD42015024315.