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2018 ; 12
(1
): 289-299
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gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
The role of the endoplasmic reticulum protein calreticulin in mediating
TGF-?-stimulated extracellular matrix production in fibrotic disease
#MMPMID29080087
Owusu BY
; Zimmerman KA
; Murphy-Ullrich JE
J Cell Commun Signal
2018[Mar]; 12
(1
): 289-299
PMID29080087
show ga
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a key factor contributing to fibrotic
disease. Although ER stress is a short-term adaptive response, with chronic
stimulation, it can activate pathways leading to fibrosis. ER stress can induce
TGF-? signaling, a central driver of extracellular matrix production in fibrosis.
This review will discuss the role of an ER protein, calreticulin (CRT), which has
both chaperone and calcium regulatory functions, in fibrosis. CRT expression is
upregulated in multiple different fibrotic diseases. The roles of CRT in
regulation of fibronectin extracellular matrix assembly, extracellular matrix
transcription, and collagen secretion and processing into the extracellular
matrix will be discussed. Evidence for the importance of CRT in ER calcium
release and NFAT activation downstream of TGF-? signaling will be presented.
Finally, we will summarize evidence from animal models in which CRT expression is
genetically reduced or experimentally downregulated in targeted tissues of adult
animals and discuss how these models define a key role for CRT in fibrotic
diseases.