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10.1093/ije/dyv295 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1093/ije/dyv295 C5841611!5841611!26721599     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 235.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 235.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 235.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 235.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 235.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 269.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 269.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 269.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 269.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Int+J+Epidemiol 2016 ; 45 (6): 2038-49 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=26721599|t=2016. Using observational data to emulate a randomized trial of dynamic treatment-switching strategies: an application to antiretroviral therapy |pdf=|usr=}}{{26721599}} gab.com Text Using observational data to emulate a randomized trial of dynamic treatment-switching strategies: an application to antiretroviral therapy JO: Int J Epidemiol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26721599 #FOAvip Background: When a clinical treatment fails or shows suboptimal results, the question of when to switch to another treatment arises. Treatment switching strategies are often dynamic because the time of switching depends on the evolution of an individual?s time-varying covariates. Dynamic strategies can be directly compared in randomized trials. For example, HIV-infected individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy could be randomized to switching therapy within 90 days of HIV-1 RNA crossing above a threshold of either 400 copies/ml (tight-control strategy) or 1000 copies/ml (loose-control strategy).Methods: We review an approach to emulate a randomized trial of dynamic switching strategies using observational data from the Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Collaboration, the Centers for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems and the HIV-CAUSAL Collaboration. We estimated the comparative effect of tight-control vs. loose-control strategies on death and AIDS or death via inverse-probability weighting.Results: Of 43?803 individuals who initiated an eligible antiretroviral therapy regimen in 2002 or later, 2001?met the baseline inclusion criteria for the mortality analysis and 1641 for the AIDS or death analysis. There were 21 deaths and 33 AIDS or death events in the tight-control group, and 28 deaths and 41 AIDS or death events in the loose-control group. Compared with tight control, the adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for loose control were 1.10 (0.73, 1.66) for death, and 1.04 (0.86, 1.27) for AIDS or death.Conclusions: Although our effective sample sizes were small and our estimates imprecise, the described methodological approach can serve as an example for future analyses. Twit Text FOAVip Using observational data to emulate a randomized trial of dynamic treatment-switching strategies: an application to antiretroviral therapy ????Int J Epidemiol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26721599 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26721599 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|26721599}}</ref> Using observational data to emulate a randomized trial of dynamic treatment-switching strategies: an application to antiretroviral therapy #MMPMID26721599 Cain LE; Saag MS; Petersen M; May MT; Ingle SM; Logan R; Robins JM; Abgrall S; Shepherd BE; Deeks SG; John Gill M; Touloumi G; Vourli G; Dabis F; Vandenhende MA; Reiss P; van Sighem A; Samji H; Hogg RS; Rybniker J; Sabin CA; Jose S; del Amo J; Moreno S; Rodríguez B; Cozzi-Lepri A; Boswell SL; Stephan C; Pérez-Hoyos S; Jarrin I; Guest JL; D?Arminio Monforte A; Antinori A; Moore R; Campbell CN; Casabona J; Meyer L; Seng R; Phillips AN; Bucher HC; Egger M; Mugavero MJ; Haubrich R; Geng EH; Olson A; Eron JJ; Napravnik S; Kitahata MM; Van Rompaey SE; Teira R; Justice AC; Tate JP; Costagliola D; Sterne JA; Hernán MA Int J Epidemiol 2016[Dec]; 45 (6): 2038-49 PMID26721599show ga Background: When a clinical treatment fails or shows suboptimal results, the question of when to switch to another treatment arises. Treatment switching strategies are often dynamic because the time of switching depends on the evolution of an individual?s time-varying covariates. Dynamic strategies can be directly compared in randomized trials. For example, HIV-infected individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy could be randomized to switching therapy within 90 days of HIV-1 RNA crossing above a threshold of either 400 copies/ml (tight-control strategy) or 1000 copies/ml (loose-control strategy).Methods: We review an approach to emulate a randomized trial of dynamic switching strategies using observational data from the Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Collaboration, the Centers for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems and the HIV-CAUSAL Collaboration. We estimated the comparative effect of tight-control vs. loose-control strategies on death and AIDS or death via inverse-probability weighting.Results: Of 43?803 individuals who initiated an eligible antiretroviral therapy regimen in 2002 or later, 2001?met the baseline inclusion criteria for the mortality analysis and 1641 for the AIDS or death analysis. There were 21 deaths and 33 AIDS or death events in the tight-control group, and 28 deaths and 41 AIDS or death events in the loose-control group. Compared with tight control, the adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for loose control were 1.10 (0.73, 1.66) for death, and 1.04 (0.86, 1.27) for AIDS or death.Conclusions: Although our effective sample sizes were small and our estimates imprecise, the described methodological approach can serve as an example for future analyses. äUsing observational data to emulate a randomized trial of dynamic trea(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing