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2018 ; 9
(ä): 340
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Early Growth Response Gene 2-Expressing CD4(+)LAG3(+) Regulatory T Cells: The
Therapeutic Potential for Treating Autoimmune Diseases
#MMPMID29535721
Okamura T
; Yamamoto K
; Fujio K
Front Immunol
2018[]; 9
(ä): 340
PMID29535721
show ga
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are necessary for the maintenance of immune tolerance.
Tregs are divided into two major populations: one is thymus derived and the other
develops in the periphery. Among these Tregs, CD4(+)CD25(+) Tregs, which mainly
originate in the thymus, have been extensively studied. Transcription factor
Foxp3 is well known as a master regulatory gene for the development and function
of CD4(+)CD25(+) Tregs. On the other hand, peripheral Tregs consist of distinct
cell subsets including Foxp3-dependent extrathymically developed Tregs and
interleukin (IL)-10-producing type I regulatory T (Tr1) cells. Lymphocyte
activation gene 3 (LAG3) and CD49b are reliable cell surface markers for Tr1
cells. CD4(+)CD25(-)LAG3(+) Tregs (LAG3(+) Tregs) develop in the periphery and
produce a large amount of IL-10. LAG3(+) Tregs characteristically express the
early growth response gene 2 (Egr2), a zinc-finger transcription factor, and
exhibit its suppressive activity in a Foxp3-independent manner. Although Egr2 was
known to be essential for hindbrain development and myelination of the peripheral
nervous system, recent studies revealed that Egr2 plays vital roles in the
induction of T cell anergy and also the suppressive activities of LAG3(+) Tregs.
Intriguingly, forced expression of Egr2 converts naive CD4(+) T cells into
IL-10-producing Tregs that highly express LAG3. Among the four Egr gene family
members, Egr3 is thought to compensate for the function of Egr2. Recently, we
reported that LAG3(+) Tregs suppress humoral immune responses via transforming
growth factor ?3 production in an Egr2- and Egr3-dependent manner. In this
review, we focus on the role of Egr2 in Tregs and also discuss its therapeutic
potential for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.