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2018 ; 9
(2
): 55
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Mitochondrial glutamine metabolism via GOT2 supports pancreatic cancer growth
through senescence inhibition
#MMPMID29352139
Yang S
; Hwang S
; Kim M
; Seo SB
; Lee JH
; Jeong SM
Cell Death Dis
2018[Jan]; 9
(2
): 55
PMID29352139
show ga
Cellular senescence, which leads to a cell cycle arrest of damaged or
dysfunctional cells, is an important mechanism to restrain the malignant
progression of cancer cells. Because metabolic changes underlie many cell-fate
decisions, it has been suggested that cell metabolism might play key roles in
senescence pathways. Here, we show that mitochondrial glutamine metabolism
regulates senescence in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells.
Glutamine deprivation or inhibition of mitochondrial aspartate transaminase
(GOT2) results in a profound induction of senescence and a suppression of PDAC
growth. Glutamine carbon flow through GOT2 is required to create NADPH and to
maintain the cellular redox state. We found that elevated reactive oxygen species
levels by GOT2 knockdown lead to the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor
p27-mediated senescence. Importantly, PDAC cells exhibit distinct dependence on
this pathway, whereas knockdown of GOT2 did not induce senescence in
non-transformed cells. The essentiality of GOT2 in senescence regulation of PDAC,
which is dispensable in their normal counterparts, may have profound implications
for the development of strategies to treat these refractory cancers.