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10.1098/rsos.170816 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1098/rsos.170816 C5830712!5830712!29515823     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       R+Soc+Open+Sci 2018 ; 5 (2): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=29515823|t=2018. Adaptive phenotypic variation among clonal ant workers |pdf=|usr=}}{{29515823}} gab.com Text Adaptive phenotypic variation among clonal ant workers JO: R Soc Open Sci http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29515823 #FOAvip Phenotypic variations are observed in most organisms, but their significance is not always known. The phenotypic variations observed in social insects are exceptions. Genetically based response threshold variances have been identified among workers and are thought to play several important adaptive roles in social life, e.g. allocating tasks among workers according to demand, promoting the sustainability of the colony and forming the basis of rationality in collective decision-making. Several parthenogenetic ants produce clonal workers and new queens by asexual reproduction. It is not clearly known whether such genetically equivalent workers show phenotypic variations. Here, we demonstrate that clonal workers of the parthenogenetic ant Strumigenys membranifera show large threshold variances among clonal workers. A multi-locus genetic marker confirmed that colony members are genetic clones, but they showed variations in their sucrose response thresholds. We examined the changing pattern of the thresholds over time generating hypotheses regarding the mechanism underlying the observed phenotypic variations. The results support the hypothesis that epigenetic modifications that occur after eclosion into the adult form are the cause of the phenotypic variations in this asexual species. Twit Text FOAVip Adaptive phenotypic variation among clonal ant workers ????R Soc Open Sci http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29515823 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29515823 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|29515823}}</ref> Adaptive phenotypic variation among clonal ant workers #MMPMID29515823 Hasegawa E; Watanabe S; Murakami Y; Ito F R Soc Open Sci 2018[Feb]; 5 (2): ä PMID29515823show ga Phenotypic variations are observed in most organisms, but their significance is not always known. The phenotypic variations observed in social insects are exceptions. Genetically based response threshold variances have been identified among workers and are thought to play several important adaptive roles in social life, e.g. allocating tasks among workers according to demand, promoting the sustainability of the colony and forming the basis of rationality in collective decision-making. Several parthenogenetic ants produce clonal workers and new queens by asexual reproduction. It is not clearly known whether such genetically equivalent workers show phenotypic variations. Here, we demonstrate that clonal workers of the parthenogenetic ant Strumigenys membranifera show large threshold variances among clonal workers. A multi-locus genetic marker confirmed that colony members are genetic clones, but they showed variations in their sucrose response thresholds. We examined the changing pattern of the thresholds over time generating hypotheses regarding the mechanism underlying the observed phenotypic variations. The results support the hypothesis that epigenetic modifications that occur after eclosion into the adult form are the cause of the phenotypic variations in this asexual species. äAdaptive phenotypic variation among clonal ant workers (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing