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2018 ; 3
(1
): 38-46
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Discovery of an expansive bacteriophage family that includes the most abundant
viruses from the human gut
#MMPMID29133882
Yutin N
; Makarova KS
; Gussow AB
; Krupovic M
; Segall A
; Edwards RA
; Koonin EV
Nat Microbiol
2018[Jan]; 3
(1
): 38-46
PMID29133882
show ga
Metagenomic sequence analysis is rapidly becoming the primary source of virus
discovery (1-3) . A substantial majority of the currently available virus genomes
come from metagenomics, and some of these represent extremely abundant viruses,
even if never grown in the laboratory. A particularly striking case of a virus
discovered via metagenomics is crAssphage, which is by far the most abundant
human-associated virus known, comprising up to 90% of sequences in the gut virome
(4) . Over 80% of the predicted proteins encoded in the approximately 100
kilobase crAssphage genome showed no significant similarity to available protein
sequences, precluding classification of this virus and hampering further study.
Here we combine a comprehensive search of genomic and metagenomic databases with
sensitive methods for protein sequence analysis to identify an expansive, diverse
group of bacteriophages related to crAssphage and predict the functions of the
majority of phage proteins, in particular those that comprise the structural,
replication and expression modules. Most, if not all, of the crAss-like phages
appear to be associated with diverse bacteria from the phylum Bacteroidetes,
which includes some of the most abundant bacteria in the human gut microbiome and
that are also common in various other habitats. These findings provide for
experimental characterization of the most abundant but poorly understood members
of the human-associated virome.