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2017 ; 121
(38
): 8935-8945
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Not All ?-Sheets Are the Same: Amyloid Infrared Spectra, Transition Dipole
Strengths, and Couplings Investigated by 2D IR Spectroscopy
#MMPMID28851219
J Phys Chem B
2017[Sep]; 121
(38
): 8935-8945
PMID28851219
show ga
We report the transition dipole strengths and frequencies of the amyloid ?-sheet
amide I mode for the aggregated proteins amyloid-?(1-40), calcitonin,
?-synuclein, and glucagon. According to standard vibrational coupling models for
proteins, the frequencies of canonical ?-sheets are set by their size and
structural and environmental disorder, which determines the delocalization length
of the vibrational excitons. The larger the delocalization the lower the
frequency of the main infrared-allowed transition, A(?). The models also predict
an accompanying increase in transition dipole strength. For the proteins measured
here, we find no correlation between transition dipole strengths and amyloid
?-sheet transition frequency. To understand this observation, we have extracted
from the protein data bank crystal structures of amyloid peptides from which we
calculate the amide I vibrational couplings, and we use these in a model ?-sheet
Hamiltonian to simulate amyloid vibrational spectra. We find that the variations
in amyloid ?-sheet structures (e.g., dihedral angles, interstrand distances, and
orientations) create significant differences in the average values for
interstrand and nearest neighbor couplings, and that those variations encompass
the variation in measured A(?) frequencies. We also find that off-diagonal
disorder about the average values explains the range of transition dipole
strengths observed experimentally. Thus, we conclude that the lack of correlation
between transition dipole-strength and frequency is caused by variations in
amyloid ?-sheet structure. Taken together, these results indicate that the amide
I frequency is very sensitive to amyloid ?-sheet structure, the ?-sheets of these
4 proteins are not identical, and the assumption that frequency of amyloids
scales with ?-sheet size cannot be adopted without an accompanying measurement of
transition dipole strengths.