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2018 ; 28
(1
): 010903
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Upfront dilution of ferritin samples to reduce hook effect, improve turnaround
time and reduce costs
#MMPMID29187801
Wu SJ
; Hayden JA
Biochem Med (Zagreb)
2018[Feb]; 28
(1
): 010903
PMID29187801
show ga
INTRODUCTION: Sandwich immunoassays offer advantages in the clinical laboratory
but can yield erroneously low results due to hook (prozone) effect, especially
with analytes whose concentrations span several orders of magnitude such as
ferritin. This study investigated a new approach to reduce the likelihood of hook
effect in ferritin immunoassays by performing upfront, five-fold dilutions of all
samples for ferritin analysis. The impact of this change on turnaround time and
costs were also investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ferritin concentrations were
analysed in routine clinical practice with and without upfront dilutions on
Siemens Centaur® XP (Siemens Healthineers, Erlang, Germany) immunoanalysers. In
addition, one month of baseline data (1026 results) were collected prior to
implementing upfront dilutions and one month of data (1033 results) were
collected after implementation. RESULTS: Without upfront dilutions, hook effect
was observed in samples with ferritin concentrations as low as 86,028 µg/L. With
upfront dilutions, samples with ferritin concentrations as high as 126,050 µg/L
yielded values greater than the measurement interval and would have been diluted
until an accurate value was obtained. The implementation of upfront dilution of
ferritin samples led to a decrease in turnaround time from a median of 2 hours
and 3 minutes to 1 hour and 18 minutes (P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Implementation
of upfront dilutions of all ferritin samples reduced the possibility of hook
effect, improved turnaround time and saved the cost of performing additional
dilutions.