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2017 ; 18
(1
): 480
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ClusterTAD: an unsupervised machine learning approach to detecting topologically
associated domains of chromosomes from Hi-C data
#MMPMID29137603
Oluwadare O
; Cheng J
BMC Bioinformatics
2017[Nov]; 18
(1
): 480
PMID29137603
show ga
BACKGROUND: With the development of chromosomal conformation capturing
techniques, particularly, the Hi-C technique, the study of the spatial
conformation of a genome is becoming an important topic in bioinformatics and
computational biology. The Hi-C technique can generate genome-wide chromosomal
interaction (contact) data, which can be used to investigate the higher-level
organization of chromosomes, such as Topologically Associated Domains (TAD),
i.e., locally packed chromosome regions bounded together by intra chromosomal
contacts. The identification of the TADs for a genome is useful for studying gene
regulation, genomic interaction, and genome function. RESULTS: Here, we formulate
the TAD identification problem as an unsupervised machine learning (clustering)
problem, and develop a new TAD identification method called ClusterTAD. We
introduce a novel method to represent chromosomal contacts as features to be used
by the clustering algorithm. Our results show that ClusterTAD can accurately
predict the TADs on a simulated Hi-C data. Our method is also largely
complementary and consistent with existing methods on the real Hi-C datasets of
two mouse cells. The validation with the chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)
sequencing (ChIP-Seq) data shows that the domain boundaries identified by
ClusterTAD have a high enrichment of CTCF binding sites, promoter-related marks,
and enhancer-related histone modifications. CONCLUSIONS: As ClusterTAD is based
on a proven clustering approach, it opens a new avenue to apply a large array of
clustering methods developed in the machine learning field to the TAD
identification problem. The source code, the results, and the TADs generated for
the simulated and real Hi-C datasets are available here:
https://github.com/BDM-Lab/ClusterTAD .