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2017 ; 242
(6
): 573-583
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Downregulation of transgelin blocks interleukin-8 utilization and suppresses
vasculogenic mimicry in breast cancer cells
#MMPMID28058861
Aikins AR
; Kim M
; Raymundo B
; Kim CW
Exp Biol Med (Maywood)
2017[Mar]; 242
(6
): 573-583
PMID28058861
show ga
Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is a non-classical mechanism recently described in many
tumors, whereby cancer cells, rather than endothelial cells, form blood vessels.
Transgelin is an actin-binding protein that has been implicated in multiple
stages of cancer development. In this study, we investigated the role of
transgelin in VM and assessed its effect on the expression of endothelial and
angiogenesis-related genes during VM in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. We
confirmed the ability of MDA-MB-231 cells to undergo VM through a tube formation
assay. Flow cytometry analysis revealed an increase in the expression of the
endothelial-related markers VE-cadherin and CD34 in cells that underwent VM,
compared with those growing in a monolayer, which was confirmed by
immunocytochemistry. We employed siRNA to silence transgelin, and knockdown
efficiency was determined by western blot analyses. Downregulation of transgelin
suppressed cell proliferation and tube formation, but increased IL-8 levels in
Matrigel cultures. RT-PCR analyses revealed that the expression of IL-8,
VE-cadherin, and CD34 was unaffected by transgelin knockdown, indicating that
increased IL-8 expression was not due to enhanced transcriptional activity. More
importantly, the inhibition of IL-8/CXCR2 signaling also resulted in suppression
of VM with increased IL-8 levels, confirming that increased IL-8 levels after
transgelin knockdown was due to inhibition of IL-8 uptake. Our findings indicate
that transgelin regulates VM by enhancing IL uptake. These observations are
relevant to the future development of efficient antivascular agents. Impact
statement Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is an angiogenic-independent mechanism of
blood vessel formation whereby aggressive tumor cells undergo formation of
capillary-like structures. Thus, interventions aimed at angiogenesis might not
target the entire tumor vasculature. A more holistic approach is therefore needed
in the development of improved antivascular agents. Transgelin, an actin-binding
protein, has been associated with multiple stages of cancer development such as
proliferation, migration and invasion, but little is known about its role in
vasculogenic mimicry. We present here, an additional mechanism by which
transgelin promotes malignancy by way of its association with the occurrence of
VM. Although transgelin knockdown did not affect the transcript levels of most of
the angiogenesis-related genes in this study, it was associated with the
inhibition of the uptake of IL-8, accompanied by suppressed VM, indicating that
transgelin is required for VM. These observations are relevant to the future
development of efficient antivascular agents.
|Antigens, CD/physiology
[MESH]
|Blotting, Western
[MESH]
|Breast Neoplasms/*physiopathology
[MESH]
|Cadherins/physiology
[MESH]
|Cell Line, Tumor
[MESH]
|Down-Regulation
[MESH]
|Female
[MESH]
|Flow Cytometry
[MESH]
|Humans
[MESH]
|Interleukin-8/*physiology
[MESH]
|MCF-7 Cells/physiology
[MESH]
|Microfilament Proteins/*physiology
[MESH]
|Muscle Proteins/*physiology
[MESH]
|Neovascularization, Pathologic/physiopathology/*prevention & control
[MESH]