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2017 ; 2
(3
): 318-331
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What Genetics Tells Us About the Pathogenesis of IgA Nephropathy: The Role of
Immune Factors and Infection
#MMPMID29142962
Zhang YM
; Zhou XJ
; Zhang H
Kidney Int Rep
2017[May]; 2
(3
): 318-331
PMID29142962
show ga
Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common type of primary
glomerulonephritis, which is characterized by IgA1-containing immune-deposits in
the glomerular mesangium. The epidemiologic observations of familial clustering
as well as ethnic and regional discrepancies indicate a genetic component to
IgAN. Large, international, genome-wide association studies have identified
several susceptibility genes and loci for IgAN, many of which have been
implicated in immune regulation and are shared with other autoimmune diseases.
Notably, increasing numbers of genes involved in mucosal immunity have been
detected; such genes may impact the susceptibility and progression of IgAN
through interaction with environmental stimuli (especially infection). Here, we
discuss the innate and adaptive immune mechanisms that drive protective immunity
against pathogens. Our goal is to provide a representative overview of the
synergistic roles between genetic predisposition and infection in IgAN
pathogenesis. We anticipate that these results will provide potential therapeutic
agents and advances in precision medicine.