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Dietary nutrients associated with preservation of lung function in Hispanic and
non-Hispanic white smokers from New Mexico
#MMPMID29133979
Leng S
; Picchi MA
; Tesfaigzi Y
; Wu G
; Gauderman WJ
; Xu F
; Gilliland FD
; Belinsky SA
Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis
2017[]; 12
(?): 3171-3181
PMID29133979
show ga
BACKGROUND: COPD is the third leading cause of death in the United States.
Cigarette smoking accelerates the age-related forced expiratory volume in 1 s
(FEV(1)) decline, an important determinant for the genesis of COPD. Hispanic
smokers have lower COPD prevalence and FEV(1) decline than non-Hispanic whites
(NHWs). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A nutritional epidemiological study was conducted
in the Lovelace Smokers cohort (LSC; n=1,829) and the Veterans Smokers cohort
(n=508) to identify dietary nutrients (n=139) associated with average FEV(1) and
its decline and to assess whether nutrient intakes could explain ethnic disparity
in FEV(1) decline between Hispanics and NHW smokers. RESULTS: Nutrients
discovered and replicated to be significantly associated with better average
FEV(1) included magnesium, folate, niacin, vitamins A and D, eicosenoic fatty
acid (20:1n9), eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n3), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA;
22:5n3), docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n3), and fiber. In addition, greater intakes
of eicosenoic fatty acid and DPA were associated with slower FEV(1) decline in
the LSC. Among omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, DPA is the most potent
nutrient associated with better average FEV(1) and slower FEV(1) decline. Adverse
effect of continuous current smoking on FEV(1) decline was completely negated in
LSC members with high DPA intake (>20 mg/day). Slower FEV(1) decline in Hispanics
compared to NHWs may be due to the greater protection of eicosenoic fatty acid
and DPA for FEV(1) decline rather than greater intake of protective nutrients in
this ethnic group. CONCLUSION: The protective nutrients for the preservation of
FEV(1) in ever smokers could lay foundation for designing individualized
nutritional intervention targeting "optimal physiological levels" in human to
improve lung function in ever smokers. Ethnic disparity in FEV(1) decline may be
explained by difference in magnitude of protection of dietary intakes of
eicosenoic fatty acid and DPA between Hispanics and NHWs.
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