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10.3389/fvets.2017.00171 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.3389/fvets.2017.00171 C5669286!5669286!29164137     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 247.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 247.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 247.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 247.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 247.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Front+Vet+Sci 2017 ; 4 (ä): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=29164137|t=2017. Urban Livestock Keeping in the City of Nairobi: Diversity of Production Systems, Supply Chains, and Their Disease Management and Risks |pdf=|usr=}}{{29164137}} gab.com Text Urban Livestock Keeping in the City of Nairobi: Diversity of Production Systems, Supply Chains, and Their Disease Management and Risks JO: Front Vet Sci http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29164137 #FOAvip Urban livestock keeping in developing cities have an important role in food security and livelihoods but can also pose a significant threat to the environment and health of urban dwellers. The aim of this study was to identify the different livestock systems in Nairobi, their supply chains, and their management and food safety risks. Seven focus group discussions with livestock production officers in charge of each major Nairobi sub-county were conducted. Data were collected on the type of systems existing for each livestock species and their supply chains, disease management, food safety risks, and general husbandry and gender factors. Supply chain flow diagrams and thematic analysis of the data was done. Results of the study show a large variability of livestock keeping in Nairobi. The majority were small scale with: <5 dairy cows, 1?6 dairy goats, <10 small ruminants, <20 pigs, 200?500 broilers, 300?500 layers, <10 indigenous chickens, or <20 rabbits. Beef keeping was mainly described as a ?by the way? system or done by traders to fatten animals for 3?month. Supply chain analysis indicated that most dairy farmers sold milk directly to consumers due to ?lack of trust? of these in traders. Broiler and pig farmers sold mainly to traders but are dependent on few large dominating companies for their replacement or distribution of products. Selling directly to retailers or consumers (including own consumption), with backyard slaughtering, were important chains for small-scale pig, sheep and goat, and indigenous chicken keepers. Important disease risk practices identified were associated with consumption of dead and sick animals, with underground network of brokers operating for ruminant products. Qualified trained health managers were used mainly by dairy farmers, and large commercial poultry and pig farmers, while use of unqualified health managers or no treatment were common in small-scale farming. Control of urban livestock keepers was reported difficult due to their ?feeling of being outlaws,? ?lack of trust? in government, ?inaccessibility? in informal settlements, ?lack of government funding,? or ?understaffing.? Findings are useful for designing policies to help to control urban livestock production and minimize its associated health and environment risks. Twit Text FOAVip Urban Livestock Keeping in the City of Nairobi: Diversity of Production Systems, Supply Chains, and Their Disease Management and Risks ????Front Vet Sci http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29164137 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29164137 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|29164137}}</ref> Urban Livestock Keeping in the City of Nairobi: Diversity of Production Systems, Supply Chains, and Their Disease Management and Risks #MMPMID29164137 Alarcon P; Fèvre EM; Muinde P; Murungi MK; Kiambi S; Akoko J; Rushton J Front Vet Sci 2017[]; 4 (ä): ä PMID29164137show ga Urban livestock keeping in developing cities have an important role in food security and livelihoods but can also pose a significant threat to the environment and health of urban dwellers. The aim of this study was to identify the different livestock systems in Nairobi, their supply chains, and their management and food safety risks. Seven focus group discussions with livestock production officers in charge of each major Nairobi sub-county were conducted. Data were collected on the type of systems existing for each livestock species and their supply chains, disease management, food safety risks, and general husbandry and gender factors. Supply chain flow diagrams and thematic analysis of the data was done. Results of the study show a large variability of livestock keeping in Nairobi. The majority were small scale with: <5 dairy cows, 1?6 dairy goats, <10 small ruminants, <20 pigs, 200?500 broilers, 300?500 layers, <10 indigenous chickens, or <20 rabbits. Beef keeping was mainly described as a ?by the way? system or done by traders to fatten animals for 3?month. Supply chain analysis indicated that most dairy farmers sold milk directly to consumers due to ?lack of trust? of these in traders. Broiler and pig farmers sold mainly to traders but are dependent on few large dominating companies for their replacement or distribution of products. Selling directly to retailers or consumers (including own consumption), with backyard slaughtering, were important chains for small-scale pig, sheep and goat, and indigenous chicken keepers. Important disease risk practices identified were associated with consumption of dead and sick animals, with underground network of brokers operating for ruminant products. Qualified trained health managers were used mainly by dairy farmers, and large commercial poultry and pig farmers, while use of unqualified health managers or no treatment were common in small-scale farming. Control of urban livestock keepers was reported difficult due to their ?feeling of being outlaws,? ?lack of trust? in government, ?inaccessibility? in informal settlements, ?lack of government funding,? or ?understaffing.? Findings are useful for designing policies to help to control urban livestock production and minimize its associated health and environment risks. äUrban Livestock Keeping in the City of Nairobi: Diversity of Productio(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing