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Clinical symptoms and related risk factors in pulmonary embolism patients and
cluster analysis based on these symptoms
#MMPMID29097743
Ji QY
; Wang MF
; Su CM
; Yang QF
; Feng LF
; Zhao LY
; Fang SY
; Zhao FH
; Li WM
Sci Rep
2017[Nov]; 7
(1
): 14887
PMID29097743
show ga
Pulmonary embolism (PE) remains largely underdiagnosed due to nonspecific
symptoms. This study aims to evaluate typical symptoms of PE patients, their
related predictors, and to differentiate typical clusters of patients and
principal components of PE symptoms. Clinical data from a total of 551 PE
patients between January 2012 and April 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. PE
was diagnosed according to the European Society of Cardiology Guidelines.
Logistic regression models, system clustering method, and principal component
analysis were used to identify potential risk factors, different clusters of the
patients, and principal components of PE symptoms. The most common symptoms of PE
were dyspnea, cough, and tachypnea in more than 60% of patients. Some combined
chronic conditions, laboratory and clinical indicators were found to be related
to these clinical symptoms. Our study also suggested that PE is associated with a
broad list of symptoms and some PE patients might share similar symptoms, and
some PE symptoms were usually cooccurrence. Based on ten symptoms generated from
our sample, we classified the patients into five clusters which represent five
groups of PE patients during clinical practice, and identified four principal
components of PE symptoms. These findings will improve our understanding of
clinical symptoms and their potential combinations which are helpful for clinical
diagnosis of PE.
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