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A Mini-Review of Reactive Oxygen Species in Urological Cancer: Correlation with
NADPH Oxidases, Angiogenesis, and Apoptosis
#MMPMID29065504
Miyata Y
; Matsuo T
; Sagara Y
; Ohba K
; Ohyama K
; Sakai H
Int J Mol Sci
2017[Oct]; 18
(10
): ? PMID29065504
show ga
Oxidative stress refers to elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and
NADPH oxidases (NOXs), which are one of the most important sources of ROS.
Oxidative stress plays important roles in the etiologies, pathological
mechanisms, and treatment strategies of vascular diseases. Additionally,
oxidative stress affects mechanisms of carcinogenesis, tumor growth, and
prognosis in malignancies. Nearly all solid tumors show stimulation of
neo-vascularity, termed angiogenesis, which is closely associated with malignant
aggressiveness. Thus, cancers can be seen as a type of vascular disease.
Oxidative stress-induced functions are regulated by complex endogenous mechanisms
and exogenous factors, such as medication and diet. Although understanding these
regulatory mechanisms is important for improving the prognosis of urothelial
cancer, it is not sufficient, because there are controversial and conflicting
opinions. Therefore, we believe that this knowledge is essential to discuss
observations and treatment strategies in urothelial cancer. In this review, we
describe the relationships between members of the NOX family and tumorigenesis,
tumor growth, and pathological mechanisms in urological cancers including
prostate cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and urothelial cancer. In addition, we
introduce natural compounds and chemical agents that are associated with
ROS-induced angiogenesis or apoptosis.
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