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2017 ; 7
(1
): 14434
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Indian Ocean corals reveal crucial role of World War II bias for twentieth
century warming estimates
#MMPMID29089592
Pfeiffer M
; Zinke J
; Dullo WC
; Garbe-Schönberg D
; Latif M
; Weber ME
Sci Rep
2017[Oct]; 7
(1
): 14434
PMID29089592
show ga
The western Indian Ocean has been warming faster than any other tropical ocean
during the 20(th) century, and is the largest contributor to the global mean sea
surface temperature (SST) rise. However, the temporal pattern of Indian Ocean
warming is poorly constrained and depends on the historical SST product. As all
SST products are derived from the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere
dataset (ICOADS), it is challenging to evaluate which product is superior. Here,
we present a new, independent SST reconstruction from a set of Porites coral
geochemical records from the western Indian Ocean. Our coral reconstruction shows
that the World War II bias in the historical sea surface temperature record is
the main reason for the differences between the SST products, and affects western
Indian Ocean and global mean temperature trends. The 20(th) century Indian Ocean
warming pattern portrayed by the corals is consistent with the SST product from
the Hadley Centre (HadSST3), and suggests that the latter should be used in
climate studies that include Indian Ocean SSTs. Our data shows that multi-core
coral temperature reconstructions help to evaluate the SST products. Proxy
records can provide estimates of 20(th) century SST that are truly independent
from the ICOADS data base.