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2017 ; 7
(1
): 14241
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Monitoring ground water storage at mesoscale using seismic noise: 30 years of
continuous observation and thermo-elastic and hydrological modeling
#MMPMID29079732
Lecocq T
; Longuevergne L
; Pedersen HA
; Brenguier F
; Stammler K
Sci Rep
2017[Oct]; 7
(1
): 14241
PMID29079732
show ga
Groundwater is a vital freshwater resource for both humans and ecosystems.
Achieving sustainable management requires a detailed knowledge of the aquifer
structure and of its behavior in response to climatic and anthropogenic forcing.
Traditional monitoring is carried out using piezometer networks, and recently
complemented with new geophysical or satellite-based observations. These
techniques survey either local (small-scale) water systems or regional areas
(large scale) but, to date, adequate observation tools are lacking at the water
management scale (i.e. several tens of kms), which is generally explored by
modeling. Using 30 years of continuous recording by four seismic stations of the
Gräfenberg Array (Germany), we demonstrate that long-term observations of
velocity variations (approximately 0.01%) of surface waves can be extracted from
such recordings of ocean-generated seismic noise. These small variations can be
explained by changes to mechanical properties of the complex aquifer system in
the top few hundred meters of the crust. The velocity changes can be interpreted
as effects of temperature diffusion and water storage changes. Seismic noise
recordings may become a new and valuable tool to monitor heterogeneous
groundwater systems at mesoscale, in addition to existing observation methods.