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2017 ; 1
(5
): 237-246
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The Role of Iraqi Dust in Inducing Lung Injury in United States Soldiers-An
Interdisciplinary Study
#MMPMID29085918
Harrington AD
; Schmidt MP
; Szema AM
; Galdanes K
; Tsirka SE
; Gordon T
; Schoonen MAA
Geohealth
2017[Jul]; 1
(5
): 237-246
PMID29085918
show ga
United States soldiers are returning from the Greater Middle East with
respiratory illnesses ranging from new onset asthma to constrictive
bronchiolitis. The etiology of the diseases is unknown. A study was conducted to
determine the possible role of local mineral dust in the development of abnormal
respiratory illnesses in soldiers during and after deployment in Iraq. A dust
sample obtained in proximity to a burn pit in Camp Victory, Iraq, (CVD) was
characterized both chemically and mineralogically. For comparison, a dust sample
from Fort Irwin, California, (FID) was also collected. The ability of the dust
samples to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) was quantified, as well as
their ability to generate an inflammatory stress response (ISR) in human lung
epithelial cells. Both samples are comprised of common silicate and carbonate
minerals and contain heavy metals with concentration ranges expected for mineral
dust. The ISR generated by each sample was within the range of inert material
with the minimal stress generated associated with the carbonate phases. The
findings based on this one sample suggest that the origin of the disease is not
driven by the particles ability to generate ROS. However it is likely that
particle overload, and associated complications, or endotoxin contribute
extensively to pathogenesis.