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2017 ; 26
(2
): 215-228
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A Nerve Conduit Containing a Vascular Bundle and Implanted With Bone Marrow
Stromal Cells and Decellularized Allogenic Nerve Matrix
#MMPMID27657936
Kaizawa Y
; Kakinoki R
; Ikeguchi R
; Ohta S
; Noguchi T
; Takeuchi H
; Oda H
; Yurie H
; Matsuda S
Cell Transplant
2017[Feb]; 26
(2
): 215-228
PMID27657936
show ga
Cells, scaffolds, growth factors, and vascularity are essential for nerve
regeneration. Previously, we reported that the insertion of a vascular bundle and
the implantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) into a
nerve conduit promoted peripheral nerve regeneration. In this study, the efficacy
of nerve conduits containing a vascular bundle, BM-MSCs, and thermally
decellularized allogenic nerve matrix (DANM) was investigated using a rat sciatic
nerve model with a 20-mm defect. Lewis rats were used as the sciatic nerve model
and for the preparation of BM-MSCs, and Dark Agouti rats were used for the
preparation of the DANM. The revascularization and the immunogenicity of the DANM
were investigated histologically. The regeneration of nerves through nerve
conduits containing vessels, BM-MSCs, and DANM (VBD group) was evaluated based on
electrophysiological, morphometric, and reinnervated muscle weight measurements
and compared with that of vessel-containing conduits that were implanted with
BM-MSCs (VB group). The DANM that was implanted into vessel-containing tubes
(VCTs) was revascularized by neovascular vessels that originated from the
inserted vascular bundle 5-7 days after surgery. The number of CD8+ cells found
in the DANM in the VCT was significantly smaller than that detected in the
untreated allogenic nerve segment. The regenerated nerve in the VBD group was
significantly superior to that in the VB group with regard to the amplitude of
the compound muscle action potential detected in the pedal adductor muscle; the
number, diameter, and myelin thickness of the myelinated axons; and the tibialis
anterior muscle weight at 12 and 24 weeks. The additional implantation of the
DANM into the BM-MSC-implanted VCT optimized the axonal regeneration through the
conduit. Nerve conduits constructed with vascularity, cells, and scaffolds could
be an effective strategy for the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries with
significant segmental defects.