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The ultrastructure of spinal cord perivascular spaces: Implications for the
circulation of cerebrospinal fluid
#MMPMID29018285
Lam MA
; Hemley SJ
; Najafi E
; Vella NGF
; Bilston LE
; Stoodley MA
Sci Rep
2017[Oct]; 7
(1
): 12924
PMID29018285
show ga
Perivascular spaces play a pivotal role in the exchange between cerebrospinal and
interstitial fluids, and in the clearance of waste in the CNS, yet their precise
anatomical components are not well described. The aim of this study was to
characterise the ultrastructure of perivascular spaces and their role in the
transport of fluid, in the spinal cord of healthy rats, using transmission
electron microscopy. The distribution of cerebrospinal fluid tracers injected
into the subarachnoid space was studied using light, confocal and electron
microscopy. Perivascular spaces were found around arterioles and venules, but not
capillaries, throughout the spinal cord white and grey matter. They contained
fibroblasts and collagen fibres, and were continuous with the extracellular
spaces of the surrounding tissue. At 5?min post injection, tracers were seen in
the subarachnoid space, the peripheral white matter, the perivascular spaces,
basement membranes, extracellular spaces of the surrounding tissue, and
surprisingly, in the lumen of blood vessels, suggesting trans-vascular clearance.
These findings point out an unrecognised outflow pathway for CNS fluids, with
potential implications for volume regulation in health and disease states, but
also clinically for the detection of CNS-derived biomarkers in plasma, the immune
response and drug pharmacokinetics.
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