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2017 ; 18
(9
): ä Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
Roles of Long Noncoding RNAs in Recurrence and Metastasis of
Radiotherapy-Resistant Cancer Stem Cells
#MMPMID28872613
Chi HC
; Tsai CY
; Tsai MM
; Yeh CT
; Lin KH
Int J Mol Sci
2017[Sep]; 18
(9
): ä PMID28872613
show ga
Radiotherapy is a well-established therapeutic regimen applied to treat at least
half of all cancer patients worldwide. Radioresistance of cancers or failure to
treat certain tumor types with radiation is associated with enhanced local
invasion, metastasis and poor prognosis. Elucidation of the biological
characteristics underlying radioresistance is therefore critical to ensure the
development of effective strategies to resolve this issue, which remains an
urgent medical problem. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) comprise a small population of
tumor cells that constitute the origin of most cancer cell types. CSCs are
virtually resistant to radiotherapy, and consequently contribute to recurrence
and disease progression. Metastasis is an increasing problem in resistance to
cancer radiotherapy and closely associated with the morbidity and mortality rates
of several cancer types. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that radiation
induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) accompanied by increased cancer
recurrence, metastasis and CSC generation. CSCs are believed to serve as the
basis of metastasis. Previous studies indicate that CSCs contribute to the
generation of metastasis, either in a direct or indirect manner. Moreover, the
heterogeneity of CSCs may be responsible for organ specificity and considerable
complexity of metastases. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of noncoding
molecules over 200 nucleotides in length involved in the initiation and
progression of several cancer types. Recently, lncRNAs have attracted
considerable attention as novel critical regulators of cancer progression and
metastasis. In the current review, we have discussed lncRNA-mediated regulation
of CSCs following radiotherapy, their association with tumor metastasis and
significance in radioresistance of cancer.