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2017 ; 7
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The Clinical and Economic Impact of Inaccurate EGFR Mutation Tests in the
Treatment of Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
#MMPMID28657610
Cheng MM
; Palma JF
; Scudder S
; Poulios N
; Liesenfeld O
J Pers Med
2017[Jun]; 7
(3
): ä PMID28657610
show ga
Advances in personalized medicine are supported by companion diagnostic molecular
tests. Testing accuracy is critical for selecting patients for optimal therapy
and reducing treatment-related toxicity. We assessed the clinical and economic
impact of inaccurate test results between laboratory developed tests (LDTs) and a
US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved test for detection of epidermal
growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. Using a hypothetical US cohort of newly
diagnosed metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and EURTAC
(erlotinib versus standard chemotherapy as first-line treatment for European
patients with advanced EGFR mutation-positive non-small-cell lung cancer)
clinical trial data, we developed a decision analytic model to estimate the
probability of misclassification with LDTs compared to a FDA-approved test. We
estimated the clinical and economic impact of inaccurate test results by
quantifying progression-free and quality-adjusted progression-free life years
(PFLYs, QAPFLYs) lost, and costs due to incorrect treatment. The base-case
analysis estimated 2.3% (n = 1422) of 60,502 newly diagnosed metastatic NSCLC
patients would be misclassified with LDTs compared to 1% (n = 577) with a
FDA-approved test. An average of 477 and 194 PFLYs were lost among the
misclassified patients tested with LDTs compared to the FDA-approved test,
respectively. Aggregate treatment costs for patients tested with LDTs were
approximately $7.3 million more than with the FDA-approved test, due to higher
drug and adverse event costs among patients incorrectly treated with targeted
therapy or chemotherapy, respectively. Invalid tests contributed to greater
probability of patient misclassification and incorrect therapy. In conclusion,
risks associated with inaccurate EGFR mutation tests pose marked clinical and
economic consequences to society. Utilization of molecular diagnostic tests with
demonstrated accuracy could help to maximize the potential of personalized
medicine.