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10.1128/IAI.00430-17 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1128/IAI.00430-17 C5607421!5607421!28784928     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Infect+Immun 2017 ; 85 (10): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=28784928|t=2017. Transforming Growth Factor ?1/SMAD Signaling Pathway Activation Protects the Intestinal Epithelium from Clostridium difficile Toxin A-Induced Damage |pdf=|usr=}}{{28784928}} gab.com Text Transforming Growth Factor 1/SMAD Signaling Pathway Activation Protects the Intestinal Epithelium from Clostridium difficile Toxin A-Induced Damage JO: Infect Immun http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28784928 #FOAvip Clostridium difficile, the main cause of diarrhea in hospitalized patients, produces toxins A (TcdA) and B (TcdB), which affect intestinal epithelial cell survival, proliferation, and migration and induce an intense inflammatory response. Transforming growth factor ? (TGF-?) is a pleiotropic cytokine affecting enterocyte and immune/inflammatory responses. However, it has been shown that exposure of intestinal epithelium to a low concentration of TcdA induces the release of TGF-?1, which has a protective effect on epithelial resistance and a TcdA/TGF-? signaling pathway interaction. The activation of this pathway in vivo has not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the TGF-?1 pathway in TcdA-induced damage in a rat intestinal epithelial cell line (IEC-6) and in a mouse model of an ileal loop. TcdA increased the expression of TGF-?1 and its receptor, T?RII, in vitro and in vivo. TcdA induced nuclear translocation of the transcription factors SMAD2/3, a hallmark of TGF-?1 pathway activation, both in IEC cells and in mouse ileal tissue. The addition of recombinant TGF-?1 (rTGF-?) prevented TcdA-induced apoptosis/necrosis and restored proliferation and repair activity in IEC-6 cells in the presence of TcdA. Together, these data show that TcdA induces TGF-?1 signaling pathway activation and suggest that this pathway might play a protective role against the effect of C. difficile-toxin. Twit Text FOAVip Transforming Growth Factor 1/SMAD Signaling Pathway Activation Protects the Intestinal Epithelium from Clostridium difficile Toxin A-Induced Damage ????Infect Immun http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28784928 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28784928 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|28784928}}</ref> Transforming Growth Factor ?1/SMAD Signaling Pathway Activation Protects the Intestinal Epithelium from Clostridium difficile Toxin A-Induced Damage #MMPMID28784928 Tinoco-Veras CM; Santos AAQA; Stipursky J; Meloni M; Araujo APB; Foschetti DA; López-Ureña D; Quesada-Gómez C; Leitão RFC; Gomes FCA; Brito GAde C Infect Immun 2017[Oct]; 85 (10): ä PMID28784928show ga Clostridium difficile, the main cause of diarrhea in hospitalized patients, produces toxins A (TcdA) and B (TcdB), which affect intestinal epithelial cell survival, proliferation, and migration and induce an intense inflammatory response. Transforming growth factor ? (TGF-?) is a pleiotropic cytokine affecting enterocyte and immune/inflammatory responses. However, it has been shown that exposure of intestinal epithelium to a low concentration of TcdA induces the release of TGF-?1, which has a protective effect on epithelial resistance and a TcdA/TGF-? signaling pathway interaction. The activation of this pathway in vivo has not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the TGF-?1 pathway in TcdA-induced damage in a rat intestinal epithelial cell line (IEC-6) and in a mouse model of an ileal loop. TcdA increased the expression of TGF-?1 and its receptor, T?RII, in vitro and in vivo. TcdA induced nuclear translocation of the transcription factors SMAD2/3, a hallmark of TGF-?1 pathway activation, both in IEC cells and in mouse ileal tissue. The addition of recombinant TGF-?1 (rTGF-?) prevented TcdA-induced apoptosis/necrosis and restored proliferation and repair activity in IEC-6 cells in the presence of TcdA. Together, these data show that TcdA induces TGF-?1 signaling pathway activation and suggest that this pathway might play a protective role against the effect of C. difficile-toxin. äTransforming Growth Factor ?1/SMAD Signaling Pathway Activation Protec(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing