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2015 ; 14
(11
): 2606-12
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Antibody Format and Drug Release Rate Determine the Therapeutic Activity of
Noninternalizing Antibody-Drug Conjugates
#MMPMID26294742
Gébleux R
; Wulhfard S
; Casi G
; Neri D
Mol Cancer Ther
2015[Nov]; 14
(11
): 2606-12
PMID26294742
show ga
The development of antibody-drug conjugates (ADC), a promising class of
anticancer agents, has traditionally relied on the use of antibodies capable of
selective internalization in tumor cells. We have recently shown that also
noninternalizing antibodies, coupled to cytotoxic drugs by means of disulfide
linkers that can be cleaved in the tumor extracellular environment, can display a
potent therapeutic activity. Here, we have compared the tumor-targeting
properties, drug release rates, and therapeutic performance of two ADCs, based on
the maytansinoid DM1 thiol drug and on the F8 antibody, directed against the
alternatively spliced Extra Domain A (EDA) domain of fibronectin. The antibody
was used in IgG or in small immune protein (SIP) format. In both cases, DM1 was
coupled to unpaired cysteine residues, resulting in a drug-antibody ratio of 2.
In biodistribution studies, SIP(F8)-SS-DM1 accumulated in the tumor and cleared
from circulation more rapidly than IgG(F8)-SS-DM1. However, the ADC based on the
IgG format exhibited a higher tumor uptake at later time points (e.g., 33%IA/g
against 8%IA/g at 24 hours after intravenous administration). In mouse plasma,
surprisingly, the ADC products in IgG format were substantially more stable
compared with the SIP format (half-lives >48 hours and <3 hours at 37°C,
respectively), revealing a novel mechanism for the control of disulfide-based
drug release rates. Therapy experiments in immunocompetent mice bearing murine F9
tumors revealed that SIP(F8)-SS-DM1 was more efficacious than IgG(F8)-SS-DM1 when
the two products were compared either in an equimolar basis or at equal milligram
doses.