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2017 ; 7
(1
): 11875
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English Wikipedia
Male-male lethal combat in the quasi-gregarious parasitoid Anastatus disparis
(Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae)
#MMPMID28928364
Liu PC
; Wei JR
; Tian S
; Hao DJ
Sci Rep
2017[Sep]; 7
(1
): 11875
PMID28928364
show ga
Most animals employ aggressive behaviours to acquire resources such as food,
territory and mates. Although mating is important for males, which typically
exhibit competitive behaviours to gain mating opportunities, they generally tend
to avoid conflict escalation; while extreme combat also occurs in some species
and results in death. In this study, male-male lethal combat behaviour in
Anastatus disparis was examined (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) by investigating the
characteristics of fighting and the factors that influence fighting intensity in
this species. Male fight intensity in A. disparis increased with both competitor
density and female presence, while it was not influenced by the relatedness among
male competitors. By comparing the frequency of received attacks between injured
and non-injured males, we found that the former were more vulnerable to attack.
In contrast to death due to lethal attack, death that occurs as a result of A.
disparis combat may be the cumulative effect of injuries sustained over repeated
competitive encounters. Combined with the biological characters of A. disparis,
we discuss potential factors contributing to the evolution of fatal conflict in
this species.